The Summer Deaflympics

夏季聽障奧運會
Taipei welcomes a sound-free competition 台北迎接听奥这个激动人心的无声竞赛
by Simon Stopps

This month, Taipei welcomes athletes from around the world to the 21st Summer Deaflympics. The world’s oldest competition for athletes with disabilities, these games showcase the incredibly talented competitors from the world’s deaf community

Sound and sports
Sound holds a very important place in most athletic competitions. Fans cheer, coaches shout directions and referees blow whistles to start, stop and control play. More importantly, major events like the Olympics provide participants with the chance to talk, laugh and cry with people from different cultures and countries. But unlike hearing people, deaf athletes can’t rely on sounds to guide their actions and define their experiences. That’s why the Deaflympics have taken on such an important role within the deaf community. The Deaflympics give deaf athletes a chance to participate in a top-notch international athletic competition that might otherwise be closed to them. In order to avoid reliance on sound, the Games have developed unique, visually oriented forms of play. Unlike other sporting events, officials at the Deaflympics discard whistles and starter pistols. Instead, play is controlled with flags, and races are started using flashes of light.

A history of excellence
Originally known as the International Silent Games, the Deaflympics have been around since 1924. When they began, deaf people were broadly viewed as being intellectually inferior and were often treated as social outcasts. Almost from the outset, the Games became a means of comparing the ways in which different countries treated their deaf citizens. In this role, the Deaflympics have promoted human rights for deaf people and shown that bearing has little bearing on intelligence or potential.
Just as importantly, the Games have been a means of inspiration for the deaf community. While other competitions for athletes with disabilities employ nondisabled officials and organizers, the Deaflympics are organized and run exclusively by deaf people. This practice allows deaf people from all walks of life to be integral parts of the competition as athletes, officials volunteers and spectators. Running from September 5 to 15, the Taipei Games will feature 20 exciting sports. And with approximately 4,000 athletes representing 81 different countries, this year's Deaflympics are sure to be the focus of a lot of attention.

Grammar
Originally known as the International Silent Games, the Deaflympics have been around since 1924.
been around=to be near a certain location.
been around=been present and active and growing in experience or reputation during that time.
The boys have been around the park a lot recently.
Although that song is on the singer's most recent album, it is actually an old song that has been around for several decades.
The guitar has been around for many centuries.

disability (n)-失能，残疾人，学习障碍。dis有离,否定的意思,ability-能力, disadvantage to do or learn something.
Stanley has never let his disability keep him from living a normal life.
*Jason was diagnosed with having a learning disability.
referee (n)-wear black and white stripes shirt sport judge.
The referee decided the goal did not count.
*Even though Lily only has one arm, she refuses to let her physical disability limit her future.
reliance (n)-rely (v)-depends on.
Our country's reliance on oil is bad for the environment.
oriented-detail, focus on.. 东方，使适应，按照某个对象来调整。
career oriented, health-oriented,-means pay a lot of attention on it (career ,job or health..)
Steve and Janet are very career-oriented. They work all the time.
*The manufacturers need to orient their products toward the needs of customers
*That new family-oriented film has done well at the box office.
discard-throw away, give away.
Please ask Trisha not to discard her old clothes before I have a look at them.
*Greg decided to discard his busy city life to live in the quiet country.
*Discard any containers with liquid over 100CCs before entering the airport.
outcast (n)-exclude them from the society. cast them out. 被排除的人，被驱逐的，被遗忘的，被隔离的。
Though an outcast in high school, Marco became very popular at his university.
*After Frank lost his job, he became an outcast among his family.
*Janet spent her whole life trying to help the homeless and other social outcasts.
organizer (n)-Sylvia is one of this company's most talented organizers.
integral(adj)-necessary, without it would not be completed.
主要的，不可或缺的，对甚么是主要的，接"to".
Mrs. Jackson has been an integral part of our school for more than 10 years.
*Brenda is one of our top sales associates; she's integral to the store's good business.
spectator (n)-not playing, sit in the seat and watch others.
Emilio won't be playing on Saturday but will be a spectator.
bearing-connection, between. 有关连的，与甚么有关连的用bearing后面接 "on",
His personal life should have no bearing on his qualification for this job.
What she said at the meeting didn't have much bearing on our discussion.
all walks of life (idiom)-no matter where you come from, no matter who you are.
sound-free- there is no sound, the deaf competitors don't hear any sound.
showcase- show off.
top notch-high quality.
inferior-it means worse than, less than.. opposite of superior-greater than, better than.
broad view-general view.
run exclusively-only run by.

Chat Room
Negative Prefixes---in, un, non, and anti
inaccurate, intolerant...the words from Latin or history, use "in"
undiluted, undo....almost all adj. word use "un"
inhuman不是人的，非人类的- unhuman-非一般人，超人类的。
non-almost come with any word. nonscientific 非科学的, unscientific没有科学证明的。.
anti-against, antiwar-against war.
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not sure which one should use for negative prefixes, can use "non"不确定时可用"non"(不是)
non-American, "non" 通常不用连字“-" 符号，只有用在专有名词时加“－”连字符号
double negatives-not untime=it's on time. The book is not uninteresting=the book is interesting.
使用字首否定，最好避免双重否定的情形发生。